Are the sameness or similarities between human natural languages a kind of Wittgenstein’s “language family resemblance” or a kind of Chomsky’s “absolute linguistic universals?” “Absolute linguistic universals” are prior to human language experiences and exclusively exist in all human mind. According to Wittgenstein, though all the family members have this or that similarity, we could not find in them a universal characteristic. We can suppose a “language faculty”, but it doesn’t necessarily mean we can define it. All of our linguistic theories are only a kind of explanations for some specific language phenomenon. It is not a throughout thread but the entanglement of all the threads that makes a rope.
FAN Lianyi.
Linguistic Universals and Family Resemblance ——A comparative study between Chomsky and Wittgenstein’s Philosophical View of Language[J]. Foreign Language Learning Theory and Practice. 2011, 2(1): 52-59
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
Backer, G.P. & P.M.S.Hacker , 1985. Wittgenstein:Rules, Grammar & Necessity, London:Basil Blackwell. Chomsky,N. 1965. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, Cambridge Mass: MIT Press. Chomsky,N. 1968. “Quine’s Empirical Assumptions”,Synthese 19. Chomsky,N. 1976. Reflections on Language, London: Maurice Temple Smith Ltd. Chomsky,N. 1980. Rules and Representations,New York:Columbia University Press. Chomsky,N. 1982. The Generative Enterprise:A Discuss in with Riny Huybregts and Huck van Riemsdijk,Dordrecht:Foris. Chomsky,N. 1986. Knowledge of Language: Its Nature, Origin and Use, New York :Praeger. Chomsky,N. 1987. “Language in a Psychological Setting”, Sophia,Linguistica,22. Chomsky,N. 1988. Language and Problems of Knowledge, Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. Chomsky,N. 1993. Language and Thought, The Frick Collections. Comrie,B. 1965. Language Universals and Linguistic Typology, London:Brasil Blackwell. Croft,w. 2002. Typology and Universals, 外语教学与研究出版社。 Victoria Fromkin & Robert Rodman,1983. An Introduction to Language, Holt, Reinehart and Winston. Hilmmy, S.S. 1987. The Later Wittgenstein, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Fodor, J. 1975. The Language of Thought,Thomas Y.Crowell Company,Inc. Katz,J.J. 1981. Language and Other Abstract Object, London:Basil Blackwell. Levine, R.D. & M.P.Paul. 2005. A Corrupted Linguistics In The Anti Chomsky Reader, Peter Collier and David Horowitz,editors, London:Routledge. Lyons, J. 1969. Introductions to Theoretical Linguistics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pateman, T. 1987. Language in Mind and Language in Society[M], London :Clarendon Press. Rudolf P. B.1991. Challenging Chomsky: The Generative Garden Game,London:Basil Blackwell Ltd. Sampson, G. 1980. Schools of Linguistics: Competition and Evolution Hutchinson & Co. Sapir,E. ,1921. Language,New York:Harcourt,Brace and World. Wittgenstein,L. 1974. Philosophical Grammar, edited. by Rhees,R. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Wittgenstein,L. 1997. Philosophical Investigations, translated by G.E.M.Anscomb,New York:Macmillan. 蔡曙山, 2007,《语言、逻辑与认知》,北京:清华大学出版社。 陈嘉映,2003,《语言哲学》,北京:北京大学出版社。 陈嘉映, 2007,《哲学,科学与常识》,北京:东方出版社。 陈嘉映,2006,维特根斯坦的哲学观,《现代哲学》第5期。 程 工,2002.《语言共性论》,上海:上海外语教育出版社。 范连义,2007,维特根斯坦的语言生活形式观,《外语学刊》第 2期。 范连义,2008,维特根斯坦后期哲学思想中的语用蕴含,《外语学刊》第5期。 范连义,2009,《维特根斯坦后期哲学视角下的语言学习》,华东师范大学博士论文。 龚 放,2001,认知语法的特点与生成语法之比较,《外语学刊》第4期。 李洪儒,2008,西方语言哲学批判——语言哲学系列探索之七,《外语学刊》第6期。 李洪儒,2006,系词——人在语句中的存在家园,《外语学刊》第2期。 宁春岩,2000,关于意义内在论,《外语教学与研究》第4期。 平 克,2004,《语言本能》,洪兰译,汕头:汕头大学出版社。 石定栩,2007,生成转换语法的理论基础,《外国语》第4期 涂纪亮,2005,《维特根斯坦后期哲学思想研究》,南京:江苏人民出版社。 王广成,2002,从约束原则看生成语法对自然语言的共性研究——乔姆斯基的句法自立说评析,《外语学刊》第3期。 吴刚,2006,《生成语法研究》,上海:上海外语教育出版社。