翻译单位的问题一直是翻译界研究的重点和难点问题。笔者经思考,从四大角度分类如下:否认翻译单位的存在;功能语言学(结构语言学)角度;篇章修辞学(结构语义学)角度;功能交际角度。这是对传统翻译单位划分方法的大致归类和总结,以方便我们进一步研究秋列涅夫(ТюленевС.В.)翻译单位思想的创新性。秋列涅夫翻译单位思想独具创新,其目光投向翻译过程,注重原文和译文的对应,把翻译单位当作是一种过程,认为翻译单位是转换素(Транслатема)。这不仅在实践上更具可操作性,有利于提高译文的质量,而且在理论上把翻译单位当作翻译过程来加以研究,为翻译单位的研究开辟新的道路。把转换素当作翻译单位在翻译教学上日益显示出独特的优越性,而且对于系统研究机器翻译中程序的处理过程也具有积极的意义。

The translation unit is a very important problem in translation studies．This paper classifies relevant studies into four groups: 1．translation unit does not exist; 2．functional linguistic method; 3．textual modification study method ( structural semantic method) ; 4． functional communication method．Based on that the thesis explore the novelty of Тюленев＇s research. Тюленев focused on translation process and paid attention to correspondence between original text and translated text in his translation unit studies． He considered Транслатема a translation unit and regarded the translation unit as a process． This point of view can not only improve the quality of translation in practice，but also point out new research approach of modern translation studies in theory．