构建课堂即时形成性评估理论不仅是形成性评估研究和实践的发展需要，更是新时期提高我国外语课堂教学质量的重要保证。本文基于国内外课堂形成性评估文献，讨论课堂即时形成性评估的定义及特，征 评述相关实证研究，指出现有研究的不足之处，并在此基础上对构建适用我国外语教学实际的课堂即时形成性评估理论提出三条建议 : ( 1) 从一线课堂实践出发 ; ( 2) 以课堂教学目标为抓手; ( 3) 以形成性评估各环节之间的“相倚性”为核心。

Building a theory of real-time classroom formative assessment ( FA) is not only needed for the research and prac- tice of FA ，but is of critical value for the improvement of classroom foreign language teaching in China． Based on formative as- sessment literature from home and abroad ，this paper discusses the definition and characteristics of real-time FA ，reviews related empirical studies ，and points out the weaknesses in its current research． In order to build a real-time FA theory that is both situ- ated in and applicable to the foreign language teaching context in China ，the paper proposes three suggestions : ( 1) starting with the front-line classroom practices ; ( 2) focusing on the learning objectives in classroom ; and ( 3) putting the “contingencies ”be- tween the real-time FA procedures at a central place．