本文以不同英语水平的中国英语学习者为研究对象， 采用命名实验和关键句阅读实验的在线研究方法， 着重考察了语篇因果制约度和读者的二语水平对语篇理解中预期推理的激活和编码的影响。 研究结果表明：1)在二语语篇阅读过程中， 语篇的因果制约度影响预期推理的即时激活， 当语篇因果制约度高时， 读者易做出预期推理；2) 在二语语篇阅读过程中， 预期推理概念的激活受读者语言水平的影响， 高级英语水平 读者能够在较低水平上即时激活预期推理概念， 而中级语言水平读者预期推理概念不能即时激活；3) 对于高 级英语水平读者 ，预期推理能够在激活后保存于读者工作记忆并编码于语篇短时记忆表征， 但这种编码只是 一种部分编码 。

Based on the studies of PIs in L1 text comprehension ，the present study takes the Chinese EFL learners of differ- ent English levels as the research subjects and applies naming experiment and critical-line reading experiment to explore the effect of textual causal constraint and readers ’L2 / FL proficiency level on the activating and encoding of PIs in text comprehension． To synthesize the results of two experiments ，the researchers drew the following conclusions． First ，the textual causal constraint af- fects the on-line activation of PIs in L2 / FL text reading process and readers are more likely to make PIs when the textual causal constraint is high． Second ，the activation of PIs is also affected by readers ’language proficiency in L2 / FL text reading process and advanced English proficiency readers can activate on-line PIs ，while middle-level readers can not． Third ，for advanced Eng- lish readers ，PIs can encode in their short-term memory representation after its activation ，but this encoding is only some partial encoding．