对于外来事物，翻译学界多关注“怎么翻译” 的问题，鲜有论及翻译方法本身的选择与变更问题及其文化动因。本文重新梳理并对比俄汉两种语言在翻译外来事物时所使用的方法，以文化接触为视角，通过对文化多元性、 我族中心主义、 文化熟知度等方面进行历时分析，揭示翻译方法选择与变更的规律性特征。

Concerning the foreign things， translation scholars pay more attention to how to translate， but rarely discuss the choice and alternation of translation methods and the cultural reasons of the choice and alternation． Based on re-summarizing and comparing the methods for translating foreign things into Ｒussian and Chinese， this paper makes a diachronic analysis of cultural pluralism， ethnocentrism and cultural familiarization from the perspective of cultural contact and reveals the regularity characteristics of the choice and alternation of translation methods．