“文化组学”是通过对海量数据的定量分析来揭示人类文化及其演变趋势的研究,它被视为是大数据背景下进行人文计算的有效方法，推进了“数字人文”的发展。本文首先对起始于《科学》和《自然》杂志上的“文化组学”研究进行了详细的述介，之后对其主要应用领域，如语言演变、文化研究、情感分析、未来预测等方面进行了综述，以期引起国内学界对该领域的关注，从而有助于把握大数据时代人文科学研究的新趋势。

Culturomics is defined as the study of human culture and cultural trends through the quantitative analysis of massive amounts of digitized data. Considered as an effective method for humanities computing in the context of Big Data, Culturomics pushes forward the development of Digital Humanities. This paper provides a detailed summary of the studies on Culturomics initially emerging in Science and Nature, and gives a thorough review of its application in the fields such as language change, culture studies, sentiment analysis and future forecasting, in the expectation that more attention will be given to Culturomics in order to capture this new trend in humanities research in the era of Big Data.