可供性理论（Affordance Theory）由认知心理学家J. J. Gibson提出，他从生态学视角揭示了行动者与外部环境之间的互动关系，为二语习得研究提供了全新的视角。环境可供性具有动态性、多元性、层次性与差异性。在二语习得中，学习者应有效利用环境中不同类型的可供性，特别是偶发的可供性；优先利用确定发生的可供性、物质文化产品的可供性以及语言可供性，从而促使学习者形成跨模块认知通道，能够快速、有效地感知、利用、塑造环境的可供性，习得第二语言。

The Affordance theory, proposed by cognitive psychologist Gibson from an ecological point of view, reveals the interaction between agent and the external environment, providing a new perspective for the study of second language acquisition. The environmental affordances are dynamic, pluralistic, hierarchical and differentiated. Therefore, in the second language acquisition, learners should effectively utilize diverse types of affordances in the environment, especially the happening affordance, give priority to the use of sure-fire affordances, material culture affordances and language affordances. The second language learners can perceive, use and shape those affordances of the environment through cross-module cognitive channels, and learn the language efficiently.