人称指别在汉语中的语言实现

成军

外语教学理论与实践 ›› 2018, Vol. 162 ›› Issue (4) : 19.

外语教学理论与实践 ›› 2018, Vol. 162 ›› Issue (4) : 19.
“认知语言学”特别专栏(文旭主持)

人称指别在汉语中的语言实现

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Personal Reference and its linguistic Realization in Chinese

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摘要

人称指别是对言语行为参与者在言语事件中的身份角色(即“说话者”与“受话者”)予以识别与确认的过 程,在语言系统中有不同的语言实现方式。本文尝试对人称指别在汉语中的语言实现方式作出系统描写。文章从逻辑入手区分人称指别“语言实现”的三种方式:绝对实现、羡余实现、匮缺实现。绝对实现获得语法化程度极高的代词类通称指别语,羡余实现获得语义凝固性较高的熟语类人称指别语,匮缺实现则获得临时的语用人称指别语。此三类人称指别语不仅在语义结构与语义特征上有明显差异,它们在语法化程度上也不一致,在语言系统中各自具有不同性质的语法地位。

Abstract

This paper aims to present a systematic description and triple taxonomy of the personal references in Chinese. The author employs the concept of “realization” proposed in syntax-semantic interface research as an analytic instrument for the study at hand, distinguishing logically three forms of realization, i.e., absolute realization, redundant realization, and deficient realization, which are established as descriptive models used for characterizing the semantic structure of personal references. The research shows Chinese personal references fall into three subcategories: general personal references, restricted personal references, and non-autonomous personal references. These three subcategories differ greatly not only in their semantic structures and semantic properties, but also in their degree of grammaticalization, attributing to a systematic disparity of grammatical status among them.

关键词

人称指别 / 说话者 / 受话者 / 语言实现

Key words

/ font-family: 等线 / mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' / mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast / mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi / mso-ansi-language: EN-US / mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN / mso-bidi-language: AR-SA / mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt / mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin / mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">

/ font-family: "Arial",sans-serif">personal reference / speaker / addressee / linguistic realization

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导出引用
成军. 人称指别在汉语中的语言实现[J]. 外语教学理论与实践. 2018, 162(4): 19
CHENG Jun. Personal Reference and its linguistic Realization in Chinese[J]. Foreign Language Learning Theory and Practice. 2018, 162(4): 19

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