二语习得的会话分析路径强调通过研究互动言谈和行为，了解二语学习者如何在会话中有效利用各类互动资源、创造二语练习时机并提高二语互动能力。该路径关注学习者如何在社会互动中发展第二语言，有助于深入揭示二语发展的社会建构机制。本文梳理会话分析应用于二语习得研究的背景，介绍CA-SLA的基本观点、方法特色及最新进展，同时讨论该路径的价值与不足。 

 The conversation-analytic approach to second language acquisition （CA-SLA） is initiated by Kasper and the others（He, 2004; Kasper & Wagner, 2011; Markee, 2005; Mori, 2007; Seedhouse, 2005; Young & Miller, 2004）, trying to use the method of CA in SLA, with a focus on the social aspects of language acquisition. The analytical purpose of CA-SLA is to understand how L2 learners make use of language resources in interaction, create practice chances through interaction, and develop their L2 interactional competence, through the way of attending to the details of talk-and-other-conduct in interaction. CA-SLA, as a sharp tool probing into the social factors related to second language development, attracts a worldwide attention in the field of SLA and has been successfully applied in a series of empirical studies. This paper starts with an introduction of the background. It then describes the theoretical and methodological principles, as well as the recent development of CA-SLA, followed by a discussion of the values and limitations of this approach.