语法与语用的互动关系受到语言学界长期关注与讨论，由 Ariel 系统提出的“编码与推论”模式颇具代表性和影响力。本文聚焦于评述这一理论模式，指出其三点主要理论贡献，即1）基于一个标准（编码与推论）厘清语法与语用的区别与分工；2）统合历时和共时两个层面的语法与语用互动分析；3）提出语法语用学、符真推论和优先互动阐释三个概念具像化语法与语用的互动形式。然而，分析发现该模式尚存理论局限，即无法涵盖语法与语用互动的全过程，而且编码与推论二元区分过于绝对，忽视了语用分析中的规约维度。基于此，本文呼吁将编码与推论略加调整，替换为规约性与意向性来理解语法与语用之间的互动关系。

The interaction of grammar and pragmatics has long been a central concern in the field of linguistics. Among the various accounts, Ariel’s “code and inference” model of grammar-pragmatics interaction is rather representative and influential. This paper aims to elucidate and critically review her model by highlighting its three key theoretical contributions: (1) relying on one single criterion—code versus inference—to distinguish grammar and pragmatics, or to delineate their division of labour; 2) integrating both diachronic and synchronic dimensions to explain grammar-pragmatics interaction; (3) proposing three innovative concepts—grammatical pragmatics, truth-compatible inference, and privileged interactional interpretation—to capture the dynamics of how grammar interacts with pragmatics. However, Ariel’s model is found to be limited as well: the dichotomy of code and inference does not fully uncover the complexity of the grammar-pragmatics interactive relationship, the strict binary distinction or opposition between code and inference is too absolute, and tends to marginalize or even disregard the conventional dimension of pragmatic analysis. Therefore, we propose to moderately modify the code-inference dichotomy and replace it with conventionality and intentionality, which we argue provides a more nuanced and comprehensive explanation of the grammar-pragmatics interaction.