Concerning the foreign things， translation scholars pay more attention to how to translate， but rarely discuss the choice and alternation of translation methods and the cultural reasons of the choice and alternation． Based on re-summarizing and comparing the methods for translating foreign things into Ｒussian and Chinese， this paper makes a diachronic analysis of cultural pluralism， ethnocentrism and cultural familiarization from the perspective of cultural contact and reveals the regularity characteristics of the choice and alternation of translation methods．