The topic chain is a mechanism governing the establishment of cohesive and coherent texts. The present research indicates that topic chains incorporate themselves in the textual structuring in the classic Mandarin, the modern Mandarin and the modern English in one way or another, resulting in different cohesive /coherent devices or styles in the languages. The author of this paper take The Story of Mr. Five-Willow-Tree as a prototype to account for the role of topic chain in the process of text translation. It is concluded by claiming what constitutes as one of the most crucial components indispensable to text translation is the process of deconstructing a topic chain in the source text and reconstructing it in the target text respectively.