Bilingual education was introduced as a new type of teaching mode to solve the problems of time-consuming and poor efficiency in Chinese English teaching, and to satisfy the individual and national development needs. In fact, China’s bilingual education has a long history which can be traced back in the Missionary Schools of China in the late Qing Dynasty. This article combed the history of China’s bilingual education in the last hundred years and tried to dig out its characteristics in different historical phases. Moreover this article summed up the historical experiences of China’s bilingual education: firstly, bilingual education should be carried out on the basis of national dignity. Secondly, bilingual education required abundant language resources. Thirdly, the students’ English proficiency level should be considered in the bilingual education.