Since the development initiative of “the Belt and Road” was put forward, setting up a suitable language planning to meet the need of the initiative has become an issue too significant to be overlooked in current language planning and policy research. Some existing studies have noticed the importance of language planning with regard to the national development initiative of “the Belt and Road”, and came up with some fragmentary suggestions. However, allowing for the language need of “the Belt and Road” initiative, these suggestions remain unsystematic. Besides, they leave much to be improved as to the pertinence and validity in their application and promotion. Therefore, this paper, based on the introduction of classical planning theories abroad probes into the contents and methods of language planning on “the Belt and Road”. The paper also puts forward, for the first time, an analytical framework of language planning on “the Belt and Road” based on different subjective levels and various fields, hoping to promote deeper study on this subject in China.