After 1979, translation and translation criticism began to boom in main land China. XU Jun worked painstakingly on translation criticism: he published the first book of this kind in Chinese history, On Criticism of Literary Translation, organized with joint efforts the discussions and debates on the ( re) translations of Red and Black, and hosted interviews and dialogues on translation criticism among translators, scholars and writers. Since then translation criticism has witnessed a turn from discussion about language skills to theoretical, interdisciplinary and crosscultural studies.