This study explores the influencing mechanism of digital identity on Chinese college students’ foreign language learning in the new media context and puts forward corresponding educational suggestions. We investigated 398 students by using a questionnaire. The results showed that, (1) digital identity of Chinese college students was composed of four factors, which were ‘friendship information-driven’, ‘new media literacy’, ‘Internet public culture’ and ‘interest-driven’; (2) ‘friendship information-driven’ was the most important factor among all the digital identity factors; (3) ‘new media literacy’ had direct effect on ‘new media foreign language learning’；（4）there was still much space for Chinese college students to further develop in foreign language learning with the help of new media.