This study approaches second language acquisition (SLA)in the light of the differences between Chinese spatiality and English temporality thinking traits. Specifically looking into the acquisition of anaphora and agreements, it compared the performance of intermediate Chinese learners of English and native English speakers in an Acceptability Judgment Task to uncover whether and how the differences in the thinking traits affect SLA. The results showed that these learners were less sensitive than English native speakers to the distinction between zero and nonzero anaphoric forms and to agreement errors. This study suggests that this was a result of both the effect of these learners’ Chinese pro-spatiality thinking trait and their not yet full acquisition of English pro-temporality thinking trait. The study concludes that the differences between Chinese spatiality and English temporality thinking traits have effects on SLA and thus create learning difficulties for intermediate Chinese learners of English.