Translation anthologies, as one specific carrier for literary texts circulating in a foreign context, are also one important genre of literature rewritings. In the WWII, many translation anthologies of Chinese modern short stories were published in the western world. Through a close reading of two of them, this research concluded that regardless of a keen literature self-conscious registered in both anthologies, the two anthologies in question were still products of the wartime discourse prevailing at that time. In the anthologizing and translating process, the anthologizers and translators rewrote Chinese modern short stories and reinforced their capability of storytelling ,which essentially was intended for the purpose of wartime propaganda.