Based on the construction of Japanese major in Nanjing University, the thesis explores the possibility of constructing the Japanese major under new liberal arts background with “problems” as the core. The concept of “new liberal arts” originates in a changing world in the new era, and considering the reality of China, to discuss the construction of new liberal arts is urgent. According to the goal of Japanese major, it is necessary to distinguish the nature of the problem from the aspects of disciplinary connotation, application, historical foundation and so on, and the fundamental principle of solving the problem is to abide by the integrity and innovation, to adhere to Chinese stand and quality requirements. In terms of specific methods, the feasible route of construction resides in the problem-oriented method, as well as the integration of the ideas and means of solving problems in practice.