The 2022 National “14th Five Year Plan” for the development of philosophy and social sciences has clearly called for the acceleration of the construction of a discipline system, academic system, and discourse system with Chinese characteristics. This also requires Chinese translation studies to undertake its important historical mission and practical responsibilities. It is necessary not only to construct an independent discourse system, knowledge system, and theoretical system but also to strengthen discipline construction and talent cultivation, and to promote the establishment of industry standards in translation. Drawing from her decades of exploration in translation theory and practical experience, Professor Yang Ping provides insightful views in the interview on the historical trajectory of translation theory research and the construction of translation theory discourse with Chinese characteristics. She also discusses the demands translation practice places on individual translators and the translation industry, as well as the challenges and strategies faced by the discipline of translation studies in the new era.