“Cultural Transfer” is a critical framework for analyzing cultural relations that originated in French German studies and subsequently gained prominence across Europe. This article seeks to address the lacunae in the Chinese academic discourse surrounding this concept by elucidating its development and fundamental principles around mobility. By investigating the dimensions of “transfer,”“transformation,”and “cultural mediators”within intercultural interactions, the paper examines the trajectory, contexts, and nuanced mediating roles of Chinese translators involved in the French translation of Chinese literature during the first half of the 20th century. This perspective aims to reveal the resonance and contributions that the concept of “Cultural Transfer”offers to the fields of translation studies.