清末民初，我国借用和制汉语翻译西方科学名词。由于盲目引用，一些术语乃至重要术语的译名词不逮意，甚至以词害意。本文以政治学术语为例，追根溯源，爬梳讨论和制汉语、原古汉语及英文译入语的对应关系，分析总结三个不当缘由：概念误植、畸形引申、虚假对等，并给出参考译名，旨在为规范流传至今的政治学术语提供些许借鉴，为翻译新术语提供思考。

In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, scholars in China borrowed the Japanese-Chinese translated terms for Western scientific words. Yet some of them, even the important ones, were inaccurate, confusing or even misleading. This article, taking the political terms as a case study, traces the origins of the Japanese-Chinese, the original Chinese, and the English terms, and by analyzing their relations and differences, it summarizes three reasons for their inappropriate translations: misconception, unbalanced extension, and false equivalence respectively with a view to providing references for the regulation of the political terms circulated so far, as well as suggestions for new translations.