本文结合莫言小说日译评价争议,研究译者行为批评中的译评者类型,指出有必要认识和区分“专业译评者”和“非专业译评者”及其译评类型｡ 译评者的务实目标影响其对译文质量的评价｡ 同时,译者也有其务实目标和目标读者定位｡当译评者与译者务实目标一致,译评者正好是译者定位的目标读者,译评呈现好评,反之为差评,皆为印象式译评｡专业译评者应采取描写式动态评价,辨析译者务实目标,考察译文是否吸引到译者定位的目标读者｡

This article takes the controversial phenomenon in the evaluation of Japanese translations of MO Yan’s novels as an example, and conducts a study on the types of reviewers in the theory of translator’s behavior criticism. It points out that it is necessary to recognize and distinguish between “professional reviewers” and “non-professional reviewers” and the types of translation reviews. The pragmatic goals of the critics influence their evaluation of the translation quality. At the same time, translators also have their pragmatic goals and target readers. When the translation reviewer and the translator have the same pragmatic purpose, the translation reviewer is exactly the target reader positioned by the translator, the translation review presents a positive review, otherwise it may be a negative review, and both are impressionistic translation reviews. Professional translation critics should adopt a descriptiven dynamic evaluation to identify the translator’s pragmatic goals and examine whether the translation attracts the target readers targeted by the translator.