竞争话语指的是竞争者在特定情境中为实现交际目标所建构的相关话语。在此过程中竞争者为实现该目标会采取多种语用策略，不礼貌策略是其中的一种。本文结合 Culpeper(1996)的不礼貌理论框架和 Spencer-Oatey(2008)的人际关系管理模式，以2016年美国总统竞选的三场辩论为竞争话语语料，通过定性并辅以定量的方法分析了特朗普和希拉里所使用的不礼貌策略，旨在发现双方不礼貌策略使用的差异并探讨其达到的语境效果以及不礼貌策略使用的原因，进而验证不礼貌理论和人际关系管理模式在竞争话语中的解释力，并最终探索竞争话语的人际语用取向。

Competing utterances refer to the utterances constructed by competitors to accomplish communicative goals in a certain context. In doing so, competitors typically employ various pragmatic strategies to realize their interactional goals, one of which is the impolite strategy. The study is structured theoretically around impoliteness, the impoliteness response model, and rapport management theory. The corpus of data consists of three presidential election campaigns in the United States in 2016. This study employs both qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze the impoliteness of Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton and their response strategies to quantify the differences in their pragmatic strategies and investigate the contextual effect of impoliteness strategy and the reasons for its use. Finally, the study demonstrates the explanatory capacity of impolite theory in conjunction with rapport management theory in competing utterances and elucidates the rapport-challenge orientation of competing utterances.