针对选择法语时态形式的困难，本文从动词与时间关系的角度解析法语动词的三层时间维度，即时间结构、时间图像和时间位置。结论为：（1）时态形式的选择涉及时间意义的合成，其意义实效为不同的时间关系；（2）三层时间维度的特异性、层次性和合成性反映时间的概念化，具有认知根源；（3）实证分析显示三套过去时态形式的主要差别，验证时间意义的合成规律。本研究有助于对法语动词的理解，以及法语时态的教与学。

In view of the difficulties in choosing an appropriate tense form in French, this paper focuses on the relationships between verb and time to analyze the three temporal dimensions of French verb, i.e. temporal structure, temporal image, and temporal position. The conclusions are as follows:(1)choosing an appropriate tense form involves the composition of temporal meanings, whose effect resides in different temporal relations;(2)the three temporal dimensions present specificity, layered structure, and compositionality, all of which reflect the conception of time by human cognition;(3)the empirical analysis demonstrates the major differences among the forms of three past tenses in French and proves the regularities in the composition of temporal meanings. This study helps to understand French verb and contributes to the teaching and learning of French tenses.