《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》确立了指向学生核心素养之培养与发展的课程目标。本文首先梳理核心素养研究的兴起与发展，指出英语课程旨在培养的核心素养承载了中国学生发展素养的共通性育人价值和英语学科的独特育人价值，作为中国本土化理念，具有丰富独特的内容，在课程教学中起到统领作用；继而讨论另一个中国本土化理念“英语学习活动观”，阐明以学生为主体的英语学习活动是核心素养培养的路径，这些活动具有情境性、实践性和关联性特点；最后从核心素养的整体性出发，论证单元整体教学是有效教学方式，厘清单元整体教学目标体系中各层级之间的逻辑关系及其综合性、主体性、实用性设计原则，通过建构教学主线，教师整合课程内容，实现学生核心素养综合表现的达成。素养为本是新时期基础教育英语课程教学的基本遵循。

The English Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education ( 2022 Edition) establishes the course objective of cultivating students’ core competencies. Starting with a review of the concept of core competencies, this paper discusses the Sinicized core competencies to be developed by the English course. The Chinese version of core competencies, with its rich contents and features specific to Chinese students, embody both the value of the whole person development and the unique contribution of the English course, thus playing a leading role in English education. The paper then examines the “activity-based approach to English learning”, a notion developed by the Chinese educators. The student-oriented English learning activities are characterized by contextualization, practicality and connectivity, and provide paths of fostering core competencies. The final section of the paper is devoted to the delineation of unit-based holistic instruction. It demonstrates that by formulating the mainline of the unit and setting up teaching aims at different levels, teachers integrate different components of the course content into a whole, and develop students’ core competencies in a comprehensive way. Competence-oriented ELT is the guiding principle to be implemented in the new era of China’s basic education.